For all its violence and misery, the Cold War had the virtue of imposing on Western intellectuals, Communist and anti-Communist alike, the duty of historical intelligence. ... But [with] the collapse of Communism and disappearance of Marxism, [and] with the market – and now religion – displacing social democracy as the language of public life, writers are no longer compelled by the requirements of the historical imagination. Facing a new enemy, which does not make the same demands that Communism once did, today’s intellectuals wave away all talk of ‘root causes’: history, it seems, will no longer be summoned to the bar of political analysis – or not for the time being. Mimicking the theological language of their antagonists, contemporary writers prefer catchwords such as ‘evil’ and ‘Islamo-fascism’ to the vocabulary of secular criticism. Their language may be a response to 9/11, but it is a product of the end of the Cold War. When Marxism was banished from the political scene in 1989, it left behind no successor language – save religion itself – to grapple with the twinned fortunes of the individual and the collective, the personal and the political, the present and the past.That's very well put. I'm not sure that serious work can avoid much of what made Hobsbawm's work so valuable. It's interesting that his putative successor - and I admire his work, particularly this - is Niall Ferguson. Here's what Ferguson has to say on class analysis:
[Hobsbawm] and I shared the belief that it was economic change, above all, that shaped the modern era. The fact that he sided with the workers and peasants, while I side with the bourgeoisie, was no obstacle to friendship.Here's Billy Bragg singing Which Side are You On? Also, have a look at this by Bhaskar Sunkara at Jacobin.
(I wrote my own book, so far as I was able, to avoid 'taking sides' as such. It was written in the History mode: " I [have not] written this book as an exercise in polemic or political advocacy. The models I employ I do so because I find them useful and interesting; they do not imply moral judgements one way or another. I am taking an argument and using it to make one kind of sense of a stretch of modern history.")
His most politically influencial text was 'The Forward March of Labour Halted?', which is also his weakest piece of analysis.
ReplyDeleteDespite all his implicit and explicit rejection of base-structure determinism in his other work, when it came to trying to explain the crisis of British Labourism he opted for a rather crude and reductionary sociology of occupational change. The Labour right was effectively absolved of any responsibility for the decay of post-war working class politics and the rise of the New Right, while the Labour left was demonised for attempting to battle an 'inevitable' shift to the right allegedly driven by structural economic change. Needless to say, Kinnock et al were deeply impressed by his analysis - which gave them the intellectual ballast they were looking for to justify their increasing embrace of managerialism.
Leo Panitch dismantled Hobsbawmn's analysis in Socialist Register. Worth re-reading.
Michael
Hi Michael,
ReplyDeleteWhat you say is right.
From memory his main point wasn't actually the decline of the proletariat per se, but rather the sectionalism of the trade union movement, and the bifurcation of the class into private and public sector; also those with strong leverage in the labour market, and those with weak leverage. A kind of pan-working class identity, he thought, was in decline.
Of course, all this was of a piece with the neo-Popular Frontism of eurocommunism.
I haven't read Panitch's response. Will have to look it up.
You bought my book yet? eh? eh? ...
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